Architecture is defined as the art and science of designing and erecting building.
Styles and construction designs of building depend on the prevailing climate. If the climate is cool, the design of the buildings should be on how to keep it warm.
If the climate is warm, the emphasis of the design is to keep it cool.
Structural Materials:
The designer and architect takes onto account atleast three different basic materials for a building. These are materials for the roof, the walls and tthe floors
Is thought of as a creative, sensitive and original thinker. Sculpture puts together into a beautiful, meaningful shape such materials as stone, wood, metal and other hand materials.
STRUCTURE- this determine how the structure reacts to the wind, floods, water, movement and the like. This isreaction to stress. The structiional design and form are directly part of this considerations.
TEXTURE- this has to do with the roughness or smoothness of the materials. It directs the choice of tools to use. THis should blend with the internal structure of the building.
ASPECT- this refers to the particular colors and outside skin after tooling. This is an apparent feature to the laymen.
STRUCTURE- is the most important quality of design.
EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE- the egyptian architecture which dates back 4,000 to 2,280 B>C is characterized by the enormous pyramidal structures.
MESOPOTAMIAN ARCHITECTURE- is characterized by a brisk tower called ziggurat built at successive level having the form of a pyramid successively reseding stories.
GREEK ARCHITECTURE- in 1100 to 100 B.C. uses the post and lintel construction as an egyptian temples but at lower hieght and of smaller portion.
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE- which dates from 1000 B.C. to 400 A.D. is smaller to the greek's with some innovations.
EASTERN BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE- started from 200 A.D. up to the sixth century after christ.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE- this developed in the 11th to 12th century. This resembles the russian style.
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE- this developed from 1194 to 1500. The structure is characterized with pointed arch, making the building larger and taller and battresses support the building.
RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE- it developed in the 15th and 16th century.It was influenced by Greek and Roman. Styles come to the fore but with a difference.
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE- this developed in the 17th century and in the early 18th century. It is characterized by elaborate sculpture ornamentation coloumns and entablaturates were decorated with garlands of flowers and fruits, shell and water.,/li.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE- this characterized the 20th century structure which developed two new materials; structural steel and reinforced steel which gave rise to skeleton and cantilever construction of modern skycrapers and buildings of any shape; semi-circular, round or square.
EUROPEAN ARCHITECTURE- is rich with old and madieval architectural design such as byzantine,greek, roman, baroque, and renaissance.
AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE- american home design evolved from the log cabins. When one hears of log cabin, he relates it to the early...
PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE- the architectural structure and design of the filipino home envolved from the nipa hut which is commonly found in the countryside.
LINE- features are the shape of piece of arts. This lines could be horizontal, vertical and diagonal. these line lead the viewer's eyes full perspective of the subject of the sculpture.,/li.
COLOR- is generally referred to as its property, hue and value. This means the amout of white and black in the hue and intensity or brightness.
TEXTURE- refers to the way the objects feel to the touch. This is a features of sculpture that is important because these are pieces which could be felt.
VOLUME- means solidIty or thikness. The sculpture is concerned with volume because a sculputer occupies space
PERSPECTIVE- refers to te depth or distance. This could be gleaned from statues. The two features of perspective are linear and aerial.
FORM- one talks of form of art pieces it means the over-all design artists' favorite designs are triangles, circles and rectangles. There are two kinds of forms: the closed form and the open form.
GREEK SCUPTURE- the greeks bekieved in 'MAN AS THE MEASURE OF ALL THINGS',hence, their fondness of the human form. The head is always seen in profile, the torso in frontal view and the feel, again, in profile.
RENNAISSANCE SCULPTURE- in the 15th century, haly's sculpture was on the lead extending for the next two hundreds years. One of the most prominent sculptors of his period is LORENZO GHIBERTI. He was the sculpture of the bronze doors of the baptistry of Florence.
BAROQUE - ROCOCO SCULPTURE- baroque scupture generally used every conceivable types of ornamentation.
NEOCLASSIC AND MODERN SCULPTURE- neoclassic started in 1764 in Europe, England, and America. Classicism was popular through the french revolution and napoleonic era.
ANTONIO CANOVA- Italian sculpture who created Pauline, a figure of the sister of Napoleon Bonaparte.
JEAN ANTOINE HOUDON- the most famous sculpture of Neoclassicism during thr reign of Louis XVI of france. He created three statues of Voltaire.Houdon was a famous portraitist in sculpture.
LORENZO GHIBERTI- He was the sculptor of the bronze doors of the baptistry of florence.
ANDREA DEL VERROCCHIO- is a master of anatomy and she is very realistic in from Leonardo de Vinci got his start from Verocchios studio.
PRAXITELES- was the first sculptor who portrayed the feminine body nude to his name is Venus de Meducci.
LYSIPPUS- is a greek sculptor. His works shows faces that look animated and express personality. One of his great scuptors is the head of Alexander the Great
FAMOUS Filipino sculptors are TOLENTINO, ABUEVA, SAPRID, CASTRILLO and many others. Most of their works are land marks in places of Interests in The Philippines.
MOLO- the 18th century gothic-rennassance church of Molo, ilo-ilo seems straight out of disney's magic kingdom.
JIMENEZ- more than a hundred years old, the altar of the Jimenez church in misamis Occidental remains breath takingly beautiful.
DARAGA- the daraga church in Bicol was built by the survivors of the eruption of Mt. Mayon in 1814 daraga's outstanding relief sculptures are still visible of the facade being weather beaten and blackened by time.
